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The European Constitution – II part
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Today we still speak about European Constitution, about the constitutional Treaty signed in Rome the 29 October of 2004. Since this text is important under the juridical-institutional point of view? First of all for a fundamental matter: perchè chiarisce, visualizza i rapporti tra le istituzioni comunitarie e i propri cittadini e questo è un aspetto da sottolineare. The European Constitution is composed by four parts: the first two certainly have the meaning and the most important sense of the whole text, because in the first part are identified and defined the principles and the values founding the European union, the principles and the values that belong to the political-institutional history of the European continent. In this same part are defined, in synthetic way, the assignments and the responsibilities of the European union and States members, to the light of the principle of subsidiarity. Soa criterion that allows a correct division of the political responsibilities to every level by the union and its institutions and from States members, therefore from the Governments, Regions and of local authorities. These principles also concern the operation of the community institutions, that have seen some important novelties. The so-called "Superpresident", a "Chairman" of the European Council, that will assure the stimulus for two years and a half, the political impulse of the organ that gathers the Heads of State and Government, that it currently constitutes, the appeal of address and coordination, of political impulse of the European union. At institutional level an important novelty is represented by the "Minister of the Foreign Affairs", that will have a double hat: he will be legitimated by the European Council, therefore from the Governments, but it will be a Vice-president of the European Commission, therefore of the executive, Vice-president that has the general responsibility of the relationships between the external economic relationships and the external political relationships. In some way, the incoherence that til to now recorded the politics of the external relationships of the European union is concluded, divided among external economic competences and external political competences. From the institutional point of view, I still underline some changes to the operation of the institutions. Particularly the European Committee, that reduces the number of its participants to 15 representatives of the European union in a following phase of adoption of the same Constitution and a definite strengthening of the powers, of responsibilities of the president of the European Commission. I like to underline, for what concern the positive impact that the European Constitution has given to the progress of the community construction, the insertion of one specific "Title" dedicated to the "democratic Life of the European union". What it means? A series of principles that allow to the European civil society, to its citizens to actively participate in the political trials and decisions that concern them. It opens for the first time, and it is an absolute novelty in the European constitutional panorama, to the concept of "Partecipant Democracy". Close to the classical concept of representative democracy, that articulates in a particular relationship among representatives and represented, therefore between citizens and European Parliament and community institutions, a new channel of dialogue is open, of communication, but also of political share that will allow the citizens to fully participate in the political trials of the European union. An important novelty of the European Constitution.
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